Do drapes make you angry, and blinds fill you with moroseness? What you need is a window that offers clear views or privacy with the touch of a switch.
Tunable glass, that goes from transparent to opaque, has been developed before, notably with nanocrystals and metallic nanostructures. These are somewhat costly and difficult to manufacture, however.
Researchers professor David Clarke and postdoctoral fellow Samuel at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences claim that their new method could be much cheaper to manufacture. They have described it in a paper published in the joual Optics Letters.
It consists of a sheet of glass sandwiched between two sheets of clear, soft elastomer. These have been sprayed with a coating of silver nanowires. This is what makes the manufacture so simple. Previous methods of creating tunable windows are manufactured using a technique called vacuum deposition, which painstakingly deposits molecular layers of material.
"Because this is a physical phenomenon rather than based on a chemical reaction, it is a simpler and potentially cheaper way to achieve commercial tunable windows," Clarke said in a statement.
On their own, the nanowires are too small to catch the light in a way that makes them visible to humans. However, if you run an electric current through the window, the nanowires will all move, trying to get closer to each other.
This causes the elastomer sheet to deform in such a way that it scatters the light, rendering the surface cloudy in less than a second. With a strong enough current, the window becomes completely opaque, the researchers said.
Shian compared the deformed elastomer surface to a coating of ice on a pond.
"If the frozen pond is smooth, you can see through the ice," he explained. "But if the ice is heavily scratched, you can't see through."
The university has filed a patent on the technology, and Clarke and Shian are working towards developing an even thinner elastomer films, which would lower the voltage needed to make the glass opaque.
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